communicable disease exclusion clause

Different from the first scenario, in this second scenario there is no requirement of classification by the WHO or the German Parliament or a foreign state. This is the new standard market wording for all marine and energy liability insurance/reinsurance contracts. Testing for a communicable disease; c. Failure to prevent the spread of the disease; or d. Reporting on Utilization of Subject Inventions 1. If there is a dispute between the physicians, the employee will be placed on unpaid leave. Source: Lloyd's Market Association Bulletin, Communicable Disease Exclusion (For use on liability policies) (17 April 2020). 2013), the court found an outdoor spa would not be considered a structure. The policy excluded coverage for bodily injuries caused by bacteria on or within a building or structure.. ?p_ a$uh8]}L-3xo`{px^goWeZG~*Oifq@U They have in common that the parties shall agree on a sub-limit per occurrence and per insurance year, and that the write back can be terminated with a notice period to be agreed. For insurance covers subject to the Nordic Marine Insurance Plan of 2013, hereinafter called 'the . International Risk Management Second, underKoegler, a communicable disease exclusion, which does not distinguish between bacteria and viruses and specifically mentions viruses, will likely preclude coverage of COVID-19 claims. For carriers, freight forwarders and warehouse operators liability insurance, there are, again, two options, whereof option 2 only applies if expressly agreed. Nursing Homes Brace for Reforms and Heightened Government Scrutiny. Source: Lloyd's Market Association Bulletin, Communicable Disease Exclusion (For use on liability policies) (17 April 2020). Option 2 fully writes back all excluded risks, but always subject to the agreed sub-limit as mentioned above. Our over 95 years of aviation insurance experience enable us to develop customized insurance programs structured around the needs of our clients. The GDV exclusion clause extends also to this scenario, but cover is available under the write back. p. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, ownership's duty is to maintain the building in a manner that protects its occupants against the spread of the disease. Step 2: Enter the last 4 digits of your mobile number, followed by the last 4 digits of your NRIC. New exclusion based on WHO declaration The new endorsement limits the application of any communicable disease exclusion to an outbreak of a disease that the World Health Organization (WHO) declares to be a PHEIC. Recognized for our industry leading customer service, we serve as . Information, Do Not Sell My Personal As used herein, a Communicable Disease means any disease which can be transmitted by means of any substance or agent from any organism to another organism where: 3.1. the substance or agent includes, but is not limited to, a virus, bacterium, parasite or other organism or any variation thereof, whether deemed living or not, and the policies exclude coverage for claims involving a doctor who transmits a If you require legal or professional advice, kindly contact an attorney or other suitable professional advisor. - January 2023 Edition. If you are a member and require a login to access this resource, please email chris.kent@verisk.com. The Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 Gets a Glow Up: Congress FINRA Files Amendments to Proposed Rule Change That Will Allow Remote Corporate Practice of Medicine Doctrine: Increased Enforcement on the Environmental Justice Update: EPA Announces $100 Million in EJ Grants Insurers Beware of Silent Crypto Exposure: PART III, Silent Crypto Court Rules that Brown Bread is Not Misleading, Whats Next in Washington? The Swedish Club Mandatory Clauses 2021 - NMIP 1.1.2021-A 6(9) C.6 COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EXCLUSION CLAUSE (CEFOR) 2020-12-01 . 17 Wisconsin Stat. i4+8?C0*|!2vB" >?RDze. How Law Firms Can Leverage ChatGPT To Get More Cases, FTC Pursues Crackdown on Employee Noncompetes, Chapter 93A Litigation Newsletter | 4th Quarter 2022, Landmark NLRB Decision Expands Labor Violations, Weekly IRS Roundup January 9 January 13, 2023. The Cefor Communicable Disease Exclusion Clause (Cefor Form 202/283) excludes cover where the disease was the dominant cause. Ltd. (ACN 094 491 264) ('the Owner") and Contact Person stated in this Online Booking Form. Coronavirus Exclusion (LMA5391), which emanated from the Personal Accident market. 14 Communicable Disease Exclusion Endorsement M) Warranty 1 Works in water is not covered under scope of policy 2 Policy shall stand canceled ab intio in the event of non . In Inns-by-the-Sea v. The maximum eligible out-of-pocket expense per individual per year for this benefit is four hundred dollars ($400). Communicable disease exclusion clause LMA 5393 14 5. Also, for this alternative, the parties are expected to agree on a maximum number of days covered. diseases can usually be treated without endangering the physician or other The choice of a lawyer or other professional is an important decision and should not be based solely upon advertisements. "Communicable Disease" shall mean any disease, known or unknown, which can be transmitted by . Marine Hull Electronic Date Recognition Endorsement 4. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EXCLUSION (Cargo) 1. This hire agreement between the Winton Motor Raceway Pty. Finnish version. Germany, Twitter (See Marina Pacific Hotel and Suites, LLC v. Fireman's Fund Insurance Company (2022) 81 Cal.App.5th 96, 98 (Marina Pacific).) 2 0 obj Sanction Limitations and Exclusion Clause JH2010/009 How to make a claim Payment conditions and VAT Cancellation Clause Complaints 2 4 4 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 16 16 . Option 2 writes back cover for loss of or damage to cargo during transport or handling, delays, non-delivery, and perishing caused by faulty scheduling. While in law school, Aaron interned at the US Department of Justice, US House of Representatives and US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. InWestport Insurance Corp. v. VN Hotel Group, LLC, 513 Fed. 8 December 2020. Business insurance policies contain exclusions precluding coverage under specified circumstances. Exclusion means preventing the entrance and establishment of pathogens in uninfested crops in a particular area. Using the Religion and State (RAS) and Religion and State-Constitutions (RAS-Constitutions) datasets, I found that clauses declaring official religion, separation of religion and state (SRAS), and religious freedom have no . The GDV concept excludes . v u National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases c The Prevention Branch, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Program, National . Learn More, Cyber/Privacy InsuranceThis report covers liability for data breaches in which a customer's personal information, such as credit card numbers, is exposed or stolen by a hacker (or other criminal) who has gained access to the firm's electronic network. Please note that these are a standard policy conditions and thus purely illustrative. This Contract excludes any loss, damage, liability, claim, cost or expense of whatsoever nature, directly or indirectly caused by, contributed . <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Communicable Diseases Upon recommendation of the Medical Officer of Health, all employees shall be required, on an annual basis to be vaccinated and or to take antiviral medication for influenza. exclusion is that with proper precautions, even patients having communicable contain a clause obligating the contractor or subcontractor entering the contract to comply with . This case presents another effort by an insured to recoup business losses alleged to be related to the SARS-CoV2 virus, which causes the COVID-19 infectious disease. Emergency and urgently needed care outside the service area Professional services of a physician, emergency room treatment, and inpatient hospital services are covered at eighty percent (80%) of the first two thousand dollars ($2,000) of the charges incurred per insurance year, and one-hundred percent (100%) thereafter. It applies to the same diseases, but not to loss/damage, liability, costs or expenses cause by the disease as such, but by precautionary measures taken to prevent the (further) spread of the dangerous communicable disease, such measures taken either by a government authority or third party involved in the legal or economic interest of the assured, in particular the closure of port, handling or storing facilities. of Insuring This clause shall be paramount and shall override anything contained in this insurance inconsistent therewith. In order to provide more precise information to the medical community, . The LMA is now working with various Business Panels/Committees who have requested variants of the clause and/or communicable disease language for their class of business. As used herein, a Communicable Disease means any disease which can be transmitted by means of any substance or agent from any organism to another organism where: 2.1. Florida Woman Sentenced to Prison for False Statement to Investigator Idaho Man Indicted for Federal Hate Crime Against LGBTQ Residents of EPA Proposes Cleanup Plan for Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine Superfund How to How to Turn Your Tweets Into LinkedIn and Instagram Social Media Graphic Green and Sustainability Claims: A Roundtable Discussion. Industries Seepage, Pollution and Contamination Exclusion Clause - NMA 1685 77. Dallas, TX 75251-2266 2-13 of the Nordic Plan applies with the effect that there is partial cover for that part of the loss which is not attributable to the disease. For hull insurances, the write back is particularly complicated. <> David Powell InAmco Insurance Co. v. Swagat Group, LLC,No. Learn More, Detailed evaluations of six specialty insurance products: Cyber/Privacy/Media Liability Insurance, Employment Practices Liability Insurance, Cyber Insurance for Healthcare, Private Company Management Liability Insurance, Intellectual Property and Media Liability Insurance, and Technology Errors & Omissions Insurance. 5 Bankers Policies, Electronic Computer Crime, Fidelity & Crime. DOE Publishes Notice of Intent to Fund Clean Hydrogen Projects. Global Aerospace is a leading provider of aircraft insurance and risk management solutions for the aviation and aerospace industries. Browse Resources About Pricing Contracts Clauses Dictionary Resources About Pricing Sign InSign Up (For use on property policies) 1. Is able to model this element. A. Patrick Davison The six fundamental principles of disease management are exclusion, eradication, protection, resistance, therapy, and avoidance of insect vectors and weed hosts. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary within this policy, this policy does not cover all actual or alleged loss, liability, damage, compensation, injury, sickness, disease, death, medical SECURE 2.0 Series Part 3: Retirement Plan Required Minimum Court Affirmed Summary Judgment For A Financial Advisor Due To The AUSTRALIA: ASIC Starts 2023 With Focus On Greenwashing. Focus is cross-linguistically associated with a number of different strategies, such as fronting, clefting, markers, and prosody. Comparing the GDV clauses with the JHC Communicable Disease Exclusion clause (JH2020007)A, the latter exclusion is as wide as the GDV clause, because it excludes cover in cases where the disease is a contributing cause only. 2023 International Union of Marine Insurance.All rights reserved. This means that the disease must be the proximate cause for the exclusion to operate. Consequently and notwithstanding any other provision of this policy to the contrary . 01.12.20, Clauses Updated 8 Dec: New Cefor Communicable Disease Exclusion Clauses for hull and loss of hire covers subject to the Nordic Plan are now available as Cefor Form 2020 / 283, 284 and 285. How the German market reacted, and what differences there are to the English and Norwegian markets: The German Insurance Association GDV released its Clause for the Exclusion of Loss/Damage due to a Dangerous Communicable Disease for the Use in Marine Insurance (Pandemic Exclusion Clause) in July 2021. Consistently defines high expectations for the quality of student work and the perseverance and effort required to produce it; often provides exemplars, rubrics, and guided practice. In 2006, in the wake of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, property & casualty insurers sought approval to introduce new virus and contamination exclusions. Communicable Disease Endorsement (LMA5393) for use on property contracts (see. 252.03 delineates the powers of local health officers regarding communicable diseases. 3."Communicable Disease" shall mean any disease, known or unknown, which can be transmitted . <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The Texas Education Code, Chapter 22, Section 22.0834. The policy analyses and comparisons will help you determine which policies are best, and design the broadest coverage. Clause CE 200 "Exclusion of radioactive contamination, chemical, biological, bio-chemical and electromagnetic weapons and exclusion of abandonment of radioactive goods" Popular. Updated 8 Dec: New Cefor Communicable Disease Exclusion Clauses for hull and loss of hire covers subject to the Nordic Plan are now available as Cefor Form 2020 / 283, 284 and 285. Learn More, Intellectual Property and Media Liability InsuranceThis report covers the following legal expenses incurred by a business: to defend against lawsuits alleging that it has infringed on a patent, trademark, or copyright; and to pay such costs when its own intellectual property has been infringed upon and must enforce its rights Learn More, Private Company Management Liability InsuranceThis is a form of errors and omissions coverage for a privately-held company. Additionally, inConnors v. Zurich American Insurance Co., 872 N.W.2d 109 (Wis. Ct. App. Such reports shall include information regarding the status of development, date of first commercial sale or use, gross royalties received by the Performer, and such other data and information as the agency may reasonably specify. Attorney Advertising Notice: Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome. Extra Contractual Obligation Exclusion Clause 76. * MI COMPULSORY CLAUSES :\r\n- Electronic Date Recognition Endorsement A - NMA 2800\r\n- Extra contractual obligation exclusion clause\r\n- Transmission & Distribution Lines Exclusion Clause\r\n- Terrorism Exclusion Endorsement - NMA 2920\r\n- Cyber Exclusion Clause - NMA 2915\r\n- Dispute Clause\r\n- Communicable Disease Exclusion\r\n- Industries, Seepage and Pollution and Contamination . Prior to law school, Aaron was a paralegal for an You are responsible for reading, understanding and agreeing to the National Law Review's (NLRs) and the National Law Forum LLC's Terms of Use and Privacy Policy before using the National Law Review website. As with all LMA model clauses, it is purely illustrative and is distributed for the guidance of LMA members, who are free to agree to different conditions or amend as they see fit. However, under economic and population pressure, Sarawakthe largest contributing state to the country's current forest cover of 54.8%shows continuing deforestation even . If you have questions on how to comply, see below. For cargo insurance, there is a write back for certain risks, namely: Obviously, when comparing the above clauses with Norwegian and English clauses (this article only allows to look at hull clauses), GDV followed a different concept. 2023Thomson Reuters. This exception is very detailed, one aspect being that the fact or possibility that the individuals action(s) or decision(s) were impaired or affected by or caused by that individuals alleged or actual infection shall not exclude recovery of a Loss. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary within this insurance, this insurance does not . The first scenario is loss/damage, liability, costs or expenses caused by a dangerous communicable disease (or its pathogens or the toxins they produce). given the nature of a doctor's work, a physician is usually in a good Asbestos Exclusion Clause 6. JX2020-009A Communicable Disease Exclusion. 2015), although the court denied summary judgment for other reasons, the court found that a standard pollution exclusion would have excluded coverage for a suit by an employee alleging exposure to the bacteria that causes Legionnaires disease. JX2020-009A Communicable Disease Exclusion. Finally, some policies contain a communicable disease exclusion. Learn More, Technology Errors & Omissions InsuranceThis report covers liability incurred by providers of technology services or products, such as data storage companies and website designers. DARPA agrees it shall not disclose such information to persons outside the Government without permission of the Performer, unless required by law. disease, (c) failure to prevent the spread of the disease or (d) failure to report the disease to authorities." (Emphasis supplied.) 1. It is designed to cover not only directors and officers, but also managers and employees, when they incur liability while performing their duties for the organization. Accordingly, many of The degree to which these exclusions will be added, the exposure levels faced by . x]YsF~W- \8RTV$ GH(v.CT|====}l}>)ozSdVL_nWn?2//?02!(o`So{F:? TIPS recommends all vendors consult their legal counsel for guidance in compliance with this law. 12222 Merit Drive, Suite 1600 Coronavirus Exclusion (LMA5395) for use on marine and energy liability contracts. The content and links on www.NatLawReview.comare intended for general information purposes only. Fingerprint It is possible that a vendor may be subject to Chapter 22 of the Texas Education Code. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EXCLUSION CLAUSE (Cargo) (10/4/20) Communicable Disease Exclusion (Cargo) 100420 To be attached to and form a part of Policy No. Commmicable Disease Exclusion (1) Common Areas (3) Communicable Diseases (1) Community Association (2) Comparative Negligence Act (6) Compelling Opinion Testimony from Non-Party Expert (1) Compensable Pain (1) Competency of Child Witness (1) Complaint (2) Complaint Drafting (29) Complications of Surgery (1) Compromise Verdict (5) Conahan (27 . This duty was recognized long ago in . The exclusion is even wider. Revisions to the JELC (Excess Loss Clauses), now CL432. This important exclusion exempts from the vaccine mandate the numerous Montana . communicable disease. Any legal analysis, legislative updates or other content and links should not be construed as legal or professional advice or a substitute for such advice. Registered in England number 2571285 Malaysia deforested 6.3 million hectares since independence; 91% of which occurred before Malaysia pledged, at the Earth Summit in 1992, to maintain a minimum 50% of its terrestrial area under forest cover. Employees will be granted work time to complete and submit the claim form. liability insurance policies that precludes coverage for claims caused by the l'm'H\PwbRIFR"p|5lg[ 2+SE?1g%m~02ZEhS4QY{+/TQHSA67GK#aY$S(. The FTC's Proposed Rule Banning Noncompete Agreements- What Does It Mean? The GDV clauses provide such cover only by way of the write back. The GDV concept excludes any loss influenced by the disease, the write back modifying this to an exclusion for disease as proximate cause only. For both scenarios, the proximate cause doctrine, which otherwise governs German marine insurance law, is set aside by providing that the exclusion operates irrespective of contributory causes. Where the disease is not the dominant cause, cl. Communicable Diseases Exclusion an exclusion found within a substantial minority of physicians professional Two types of searches are available - simple and advanced. LEXIS 4770 (C.D. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EXCLUSION (For use on liability policies) 1. 2.2 Without prejudice to the effect of Clauses 2.1 (a), (b) and (d), . The model clause excludes from insurance cover: " all actual or alleged loss, liability, damage, compensation, injury, sickness, disease, death, medical payment, defence cost, cost, expense or any other amount, directly or indirectly and regardless of any other cause contributing concurrently or in any sequence, originating from, caused by, arising out of, contributed to by, resulting from, or otherwise in connection with a Communicable Disease or the fear or threat (whether actual or perceived) of a Communicable Disease.". IRMI Updateprovides thought-provoking industry commentary every other week, including links to articles from industry experts. In the rapidly evolving circumstances of the current Covid-19 pandemic, marine insurers are seeking to introduce new contractual terms to limit policy cover for additional 'pandemic delay' related expenses or even exclude them altogether. In this experimental study, we investigate the syntactic . The Nazis described the Jew as a carrier of infectious disease, a claim that was heard once more during the COVID-19 era. 2.1. for a Communicable Disease, or 2.2. any property insured hereunder that is affected by such Communicable Disease. Two exclusions potentially relevant to COVID-19 claims are the virus, bacteria or communicable disease and pollution exclusions. Staffing Levels to deal with Potential Violence The Employer agrees that, where there is a risk of violence, an adequate level of trained employees should be present. Inland Hull, Fishing Vessels & Yachts Committee, IUMI exam & bursary for WMU postgrad diploma, Humidity management during the transports of goods in containers, Elementary course: Marine Insurance Fundamentals. On the contrary, another court found that a bacteria exclusion didnotpreclude coverage for exposure to Legionnaires disease-causing bacteria allegedly present in an outdoor hotel spa. position to know if he or she has contracted a communicable disease. The LMA does not publish written guidelines with regard to application or intent of any specific contractual terms and the LMA therefore cannot release any clause drafting history. (Note: The term "communicable disease" is not defined.) Additional filters are available in search. The only exception to this would be employees for whom taking the medication will result in the employee being physically ill to the extent that she cannot attend work. How to How to Turn Your Tweets Into LinkedIn and Instagram Social What is Document Processing? The short comparison shows that the clauses in the different markets address the same problems, but find different solutions for them, partly arriving at a differing extent of cover. Easily compare the leading insurers policies with detailed analyses of more than 250 D&O forms. Norwegian version. The LMA is, as usual, aiming for a common format/structure and consistency of language across LMA model clauses drafted in response to COVID-19. Communicable Disease Exclusion (LMA5394) for use on property treaty reinsurance contracts. If the employee fails to take the required medication, she may be placed on an unpaid leave of absence during any influenza outbreak in the home until such time as the employee has been cleared by the public health or the employer to return to the work environment. Appx. Hull - Communicable Disease Exclusion Clause - Cefor Form 2020 / 283. The goal in 2006 . staff members. This benefit is not available when the members condition permits him or her to receive care within the network of the plan in which the individual is enrolled. Unless otherwise noted, attorneys are not certified by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization, nor can NLR attest to the accuracy of any notation of Legal Specialization or other Professional Credentials. The LMA Worldwide Property Panel has published the attached model endorsement: LMA5393 Communicable Disease Endorsement (for use on property policies). accidents involving the means of transport carrying the goods. If you would ike to contact us via email please click here. Third, underConnors, a standard pollution exclusion may exclude coverage for an illness. It states, in relevant part: We will not pay for loss or damage caused by or resulting from any virus, bacterium or other microorganism that induces or is capable of inducing physical distress, illness or disease. Additionally, in February 2020, ISO drafted two business income endorsements specifically regarding COVID-19. Head of Technical Underwriting, Shazia Rennison The Repository includes all wordings developed by the LMA and wordings developed by other industry organisations, as well as many wordings from individual managing agents, other insurers and brokers. InKoegler v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 623 F. Supp. Personal Property Reimbursement Employees may seek reimbursement, in accordance with RCW 4.92.100, for personal property unavoidably damaged or stolen in the proper performance of their duties. 2-13 of the Nordic Plan applies with the effect that there is partial cover for that part of the loss which is not attributable to the disease. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EXCLUSION (June 15, 2020) To be attached to and form a part of Policy No. From time to time, the LMA publishes wordings and clauses as models which can be accessed on theLloyd's Wordings Repository and/or the LMA website. Third, in respect of loss of hire insurance, there is a write back for time lost due to the vessel being prevented from reaching, using or leaving a place of repair, delay in arrival or unavailability of repair specialists, if this was caused by a communicable disease or precautionary measures. Coronavirus Exclusion (LMA5395) for use on marine and energy liability contracts. <> The Performer agrees to submit, during the term of the Agreement, an annual report on the utilization of a subject invention or on efforts at obtaining such utilization that are being made by the Performer or its licensees or assignees. The Performer also agrees to provide additional reports as may be requested by DARPA in connection with any march-in proceedings undertaken by DARPA in accordance with Paragraph I of this Article. JX2020-007 Joint Excess Loss Cyber Losses Clause . Ill. Jan. 20, 2010), the court found a bacteria exclusion precluded a hotels coverage for a series of underlying lawsuits. Norwegian version. Mississippi Gaming Commission Agenda: January 19 Meeting. All rights LMA5476B - Cyber and Data Limited Exclusion Endorsement 2A (for attachment to US General Liability forms), LMA5475B - Cyber and Data Limited Exclusion Endorsement 2 (for attachment to US General Liability forms), LMA5474B - Cyber and Data Limited Exclusion Endorsement 1A (for attachment to US General Liability forms), LMA5473B - Cyber and Data Limited Exclusion Endorsement 1 (for attachment to US General Liability forms), LMA9194A - Lloyd's Equine PDS Australia, LMA3159A - Lloyd's Equine Insurance (Australian Coverholder), LMA9196 - Terms of Business Agreement Lloyd's Asia (for use outside Singapore), LMA9195 - Terms of Business Agreement Lloyd's Asia (for use in Singapore only), LMA5552 - Limited Communicable Disease Exclusion (Liability Insurance (US)), LMA5551 - Limited Communicable Disease Exclusion (Liability Insurance), LMA5550 - Australian Delegated Claims Administration Endorsement, LMA5545 - Overseas Coverholder, Line Slip and Open Market Business (For inclusion in policy wording for Code, Complaints and Service of Suit), LMA5058C - US General Coverholder Conditions, LMA5539 - Affirmatory Cyber clause (Political Risk & Credit), LMA5427B - Political Risk Cyber Endorsement (for use with Political Risk/Political Violence Package Business), JR2021-028A - Renewables Marine Warranty Survey Endorsement, JR2021-028 - Renewables Code of Practice, Renewables Scope of Work and Renewables Certificate of Approval Requirements and Examples, LMA5459A - Cyber Clause (Casualty Treaty) No. He also provides advice on coverage, insurance insolvency, and contract wording issues for a wide variety of insurance and reinsurance relationships. new for the 2022 policy year commencing on 20 February 2022 is that the Coronavirus Exclusion clause (LMA 5395) has been replaced by the Communicable Disease Exclusion Clause (JL2021-014), attached as Appendix I to this circular. 4 0 obj <> Loss of Hire - Communicable Disease Exclusion Clause - Cefor Form 2020 / 284. fire, lightning, explosion, earthquakes, seaquakes, volcanic eruptions or other natural disasters, collision with or crashing of a flying object or parts thereof including its cargo. Learn More, Detailed evaluations of three specialty insurance products: Cyber/Privacy Insurance, Technology Errors & Omissions Insurance, and Cyber Insurance for Healthcare. Klausula ini sebagai respon atas terjadinya penyebaran penyakit avian flu (Flu burung).
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